This report argues that immigrants are essential to addressing growing healthcare workforce shortages in the U.S., particularly among physicians and nurses. The author highlights how demographic trends—especially the aging population—are rapidly increasing demand for healthcare services while the supply of workers is failing to keep pace. As millions of Baby Boomers age and require more care, and as many healthcare professionals themselves retire or leave due to burnout, the system faces significant strain. Immigrants already play a critical role in mitigating these shortages. They make up over a quarter of physicians and about one-sixth of registered nurses nationwide, with even higher shares in certain states. Despite their importance, the report emphasizes that barriers prevent many qualified immigrants from fully contributing. These include complex licensing requirements, difficulties transferring foreign credentials, and limited visa pathways. As a result, many skilled professionals are underemployed or unable to practice in their fields. The author concludes that workforce shortages will persist—and likely worsen—without policy changes. It recommends expanding residency slots, reducing licensing barriers, and creating more immigration pathways for healthcare workers. Strengthening these policies would not only help fill critical gaps but also improve access to care, especially in underserved and rural communities.
The Lifeblood of Care: Immigrants Driving Healthcare Forward,
National Immigration Forum, July 2025, 13 pp.
Author: Cassandra Lis